Thursday, 27 February 2014

Diets: One Size Doesn't Fit All - Individual Variation


We live in a part of the world where people are obsessive with staying fit, being healthy, and reversing aging. People are always looking for the next big supplement or super-food to deliver powerful results to body composition and athletic performance. With these aspirations for health and longevity there also comes an assortment of diets claiming to deliver the desired results. The low-carbohydrate, paleo, mediterranean, whole-foods, vegan, and vegetarianism diets are all popular in the contemporary nutrition scene. However, we must understand that no two bodies are the same; this unique principle known as individualization is often overlooked in the world of nutrition. Lets take a closer look at this underdog.

In the enlightenment to the fact that every human body responds differently to the biochemical effects of dietary intake, it is reckless and harmful to infer that everyone should be eating the same food. Worldwide examples of this can be seen in those of European descent and their ability to produce the enzyme known as lactase.  Lactase production is higher of those European cultures compared to other cultures who relied more on hunting gathering opposed to adopting dairy for consumption. Chinese, Papa New Guinea, Pacific Islands, and Japanese populations becoming carbohydrate adapted due to their continual consumption of a carbohydrate rich diet is another fine example of the power of food, time, and genetics.

There are various differences in genes, metabolic processes, and food intolerances, which result in advantages and disadvantages of particular food sources for an individual. AMY1, ApoE4, iron storage, vitamin A synthesis, lactose and gluten are all fine examples of this.

AMY1 is the first amylase enzyme responsible for the digestion of starch in the mouth. Individuals who have inferior expression levels of the AMY1 don’t digest starch well. Therefore, a high carbohydrate diet with limited activity may not be beneficial for those with low expression of AMY1.

The vitamin A you get from plants is known as carotenoids. The ability to convert these carotenoids into actual vitamin A varies from person to person. So some of you may not do well on a vegan diet and could seriously benefit from animal sources of vitamin A that don’t need to be converted. Vitamin A is necessary for bone growth, reproduction, hormone regulation and synthesis, immune function and vision.

Your ability to store iron will determine if you are well off on a high meat and protein diet, common in paleo, and ketogenic style diets. Some people store iron well and will be burdened by the toxic effects of iron accumulation while others don’t store iron well and could benefit from a high iron diet. In relation to high fat and protein diets, ApoE4 is a gene in which affects one’s ability to transport cholesterol properly and store fat. Again, a high fat diet of those with high expression of this gene may be counter-productive to the diet’s merited benefits.

Digestive systems also vary in their ability to process gluten and lactose; these food intolerances affect millions of people and seem to be increasing at significant rates. So how do I determine whether or not I possess these genes, metabolic processes, or food intolerances you are asking yourself right now. In a nutshell, genetic testing is to expensive and not mainstream yet, but perhaps in a few years these tests may be available to the public. Food intolerance tests however can be done in today’s health care system via a Naturopathic Doctor. It is noted that vitamin A and iron levels can be assessed with a blood report.

Last but not least you could listen to your body. Wait, isn’t science always right and subjective thoughts about my diet are worthless? In my opinion, your body is always right and it has an instinctive knowledge on what it needs or doesn’t need for this matter, in order to thrive. I hate seeing people confined and trapped in diets based on societal pressures or fads.

I myself follow a whole food paleoish type of diet. I eat this way simply because it agrees with my body. By using food journals and experimenting with elimination diets you can see what foods agree with you. I eat the way I eat in order to perform to the best of my capabilities in the domains of cognitive, social, and physical aspects of life.

I would like to see diets die off soon. Lifestyle changes are the ultimate catalysts to wellness. We should try to eliminate processed food, refined sugar, and food additives. Striving for fresh vegetables, fruits and healthy sources of protein is a good base along with drinking lots of water. Be sure to get lots of good sleep, attain healthy social relationships, and practice meditation. Indulge here and there but don’t be a slave to your body, a wise man once told me.

I would like to thank Denise Minger, the author of  “Death by Food Pyramid”, for the ideas and the inspiration.

That’s it for this week,

Eat for yourself, no one else.

Cheers,

Mason, Eat Well, Be Well

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